Generic Name: pau d’arco Brand and Other Names: La Pacho, Tabebuia avellanedae, Tabebuia impetiginosa Drug Class: Herbals What is pau d’arco, and what is it used for? Pau d’arco is the Portuguese name for Tabebuia impetiginosa, a tree native to the tropical forests of South America. The bark and central portion of the wood (heartwood) …

Multiple sclerosis is a challenging condition that must be continuously monitored because it is treated with numerous drugs. It is very challenging to treat secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) while balancing risks and reducing flare-ups. SPMS is a transition of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), wherein the flare-ups become more frequent with almost no respite from the symptoms.  Treatment mainly focuses …

Migraine with brainstem aura occurs in 1 in 10 people who get migraine with typical visual aura Brainstem migraine is a type of migraine with aura that begins in the brainstem with intense throbbing or pulsating pain on one or both sides of the back of the head (occipital area). Migraine with brainstem aura occurs in 1 in 10 people who get migraine …

Treatment-naive patients have more antiretroviral therapy alternatives than treatment-experienced individuals. People who have never received treatment for a certain illness are considered treatment-naïve for that particular condition. In the field of sexually transmitted infections, this word most commonly refers to HIV-positive patients who have never received antiretroviral medication for their illness. The current treatment guidelines for treatment-naive individuals include the …

Learn the difference between primary and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. The progressive phase of multiple sclerosis (MS) is most often associated with a permanent disability. MS has two generally known progressive classes, primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). The difference between PPMS and SPMS is that a person can be diagnosed with PPMS, but SPMS …

What is nitric oxide? Nitric oxide is naturally found in your body and is important for blood vessel health. Nitric oxide supplements help lower blood pressure and improve insulin sensitivity, which are problems associated with diabetes. Nitric oxide is naturally found in your body and is important for blood vessel health.  People with type 2 diabetes have problems producing nitric …

In most cases, recovery from vertigo takes a few weeks after the onset of symptoms. The symptoms may last for many days and manifest themselves severely. After about one to two weeks, they often go away. However, if the issue persists for a longer time, a person may need therapy for symptom relief. A person may get another episode of …

Migraines without aura can occur as often as several times a week or as few times as once a year Treatment of migraine without aura is largely the same as that of migraine with aura. While migraines without aura cannot be cured, symptoms can be improved with medications and preventative measures. Migraine is a common disorder, ranked as the third most …

Esophageal cancer refers to the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells that starts in the esophagus. The diagnosis of esophageal cancer is done by the doctor based on: Medical history: The doctor will take a detailed history concerning your symptoms, their severity, and onset, addictions (including smoking and alcohol consumption), previous history of cancers in your family or you, medications or …

Learn about ways to stop menstrual migraines before they start Migraine is characterized by throbbing pain that typically affects one side of the head, often accompanied by nausea, mood swings, and visual disturbances triggered by movement, light, smells, and sound (acute sensitivity). Menstrual migraines are one type of migraine that tends to strike about 2-3 days before the start of …