Smoker's lung introduction Picture of normal airway and lung Cigarette smoking is associated with a wide variety of abnormalities throughout the body that cause not only illness, but also, all too often, death. Indeed, if all deaths from diseases related to smoking (lung disease, heart disease, and cancers of many different organs) were considered, a …

What is hypothermia? Readers Comments 1 Share Your Story Picture of the stages of frostbite Hypothermia is defined as a body temperature (core, or internal body temperature) of less than about 95 F (35 C). Usually, hypothermia occurs when the body's temperature regulation is overwhelmed by a cold environment. However, in the medical and lay literature there are essentially two …

What is gastric bypass surgery? Gastric bypass surgery alters the size of the stomach to restrict the amount of calories morbidly obese people can consume. The laparoscopic version of the surgery is less invasive than an open surgery and often improves recovery times. Gastric bypass surgery is a weight loss surgery. In this surgery, a surgeon makes changes to the …

A single-port cholecystectomy involves the removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy) using a single-port laparoscopic surgery. A postcholecystectomy syndrome occurs when abdominal symptoms arise after gallbladder surgery. This syndrome is temporary and heals with medications. The most common symptoms of a postcholecystectomy syndrome include: Bloating Diarrhea Nausea Vomiting Upset stomach Persistent pain in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen Gas  …

What are the common symptoms of hangover? The only real cure for a hangover is time, rest and fluids. Eating starchy foods and small amounts of caffeine may help a little, but abstaining from alcohol is the only true way to avoid or cure a hangover. Hangover is the combination of unpleasant symptoms experienced after alcohol consumption. The symptoms of …

What is an ulnar nerve release surgery? Ulnar nerve release is a surgical procedure that helps release the compression on the ulnar nerve and the symptoms caused by the compression of the ulnar nerve. Inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and cubital tunnel syndrome are common conditions it treats. The ulnar nerve is one of the three main …

What is superficial heat and cold therapy? Superficial cold therapy can reduce swelling and pain. Superficial heat therapy can reduce pain, and increase muscle relaxation. Superficial heat and cold therapy are adjunctive therapy used for pain control and sports injury treatment. These therapies exert their effects at a depth of 1-2 cm. In general, these therapies limit tissue damage, control …

What is a transbronchial biopsy? A transbronchial biopsy takes a small lung tissue sample for further lung analysis. A transbronchial biopsy is a procedure that examines the lungs. In a transbronchial biopsy, the doctor passes a flexible telescope called a bronchoscope through the nose or mouth to cut a small piece of the lung tissue for further lung analysis. The procedure …

What is a tracheostomy? A tracheostomy is an opening that surgeons make through the front of the neck and into the windpipe (trachea) to keep it open for breathing. A tracheostomy is an opening that surgeons make through the front of the neck and into the windpipe (trachea). The tracheostomy tube is placed into the opening to keep it open …

What is tracheobronchial sleeve resection? Tracheobronchial sleeve resection is a surgery performed to save a part and function of the lungs, typically for non-small-cell lung cancer. Tracheobronchial sleeve resection or a sleeve lobectomy is a surgical procedure to remove a lobe of the lungs and part of the bronchi (airway) usually to eliminate a cancerous or aggressive tumor.  In this …