How does one get primary lymphoma of bone? Signs of lymphoma are bone pain, especially pain that worsens with activity, weight loss, and others. Lymphoma is a cancer of infection-fighting cells (lymphocytes), white blood cells of the immune system. These cells are normally found in the lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, and bone marrow. The exact …
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What is Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma? The exact cause of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is unknown. However, a variety of conditions act as risk factors in the development of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma are a family history of lymphoma and more. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is cancer that affects the lymphatic system, a part of the body’s immune system. The lymphatic system helps in filtering foreign cells …
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What is leukemia? Leukemia is a cancer of the blood and blood-forming cells, such as white blood cells. Leukemia is a cancer of the white blood cells of the bone marrow. Patients with leukemia have an over-production of a particular blood cell type in the body, the white blood cells (cells that fight infection and provide immunity). The excessive number …
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What is a free flap breast reconstruction? Breast reconstruction with the complete removal of a piece of tissue (flap) from a healthy site to the site of mastectomy is known as free flap breast reconstruction. Breast mastectomy is the surgical removal of the breast, usually due to breast cancer. Breast reconstruction involves rebuilding the shape of the breast. Breast reconstruction …
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What is TRAM flap surgery? The patient requires 6 to 12 weeks to regain prior energy levels and resume normal activities. TRAM stands for Transverse Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous, a muscle, and tissue of the lower abdomen between the waist and pubic bone. TRAM flap surgery uses the flap (graft) from this skin, fat, and the TRAM muscles for breast reconstruction. …
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What is a jejunum tissue transfer? A jejunum tissue transfer is gaining popularity due to its effectiveness and reliability. Swallowing defects due to esophageal cancer can be repaired using jejunum flaps (grafts). A jejunum tissue transfer helps restore swallowing, which can be affected by esophageal cancer. The small intestine is composed of three segments: Duodenum Jejunum Ileum The surgeon takes …
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What is perineal reconstruction? Perineal reconstruction is rebuilding of damaged or deformed tissue between the genitals and anus. Perineal reconstruction is rebuilding of damaged or deformed tissue between the genitals and anus. Perineal reconstruction is typically done for acquired and congenital deformities or reconstruction following cancer surgery in genital and urinary parts of the body. It is usually performed by a …
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What is Kyprolis (carfilzomib) and how is it used? Kyprolis is a prescription medication used to treat patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, which is given intravenously (IV). Kyprlis, a proteasome inhibitor, can be used to treat multiple myeloma in the following ways: as a single agent for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma who …
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What is Vyxeos (daunorubicin and cytarabine) and how is it used? Vyxeos is a chemotherapy treatment given intravenously (IV) to adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Vyxeos is used to treat the following types of AML patients: Newly diagnosed, therapy related: those whose AML is related to previously received chemotherapy or radiation therapy (also called therapy-related AML, t-AML) or Myelodysplasia-related changes: those …
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What is Kisqali (ribociclib) and how is it used? Kisqali is a prescription medicine used in combination with: an aromatase inhibitor to treat pre/perimenopausal or postmenopausal women with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body (metastatic), as the first endocrine based therapy; or fulvestrant to treat …
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