What is a blood clot in the lungs? The signs and symptoms of pulmonary embolism differ depending on the size of the clot, extent of lung involvement, and underlying medical conditions. A blood clot is a solid or semisolid clump of blood. When the tissues of our body are injured, excessive blood loss is prevented …

What is a deep peroneal nerve block? A deep peroneal nerve block is an anesthetic injection to numb the foot for surgical procedures. A deep peroneal nerve block is a procedure to anesthetize the web space between the big toe and the toe adjacent to it. An anesthetic injection is administered at the midpoint in the lower front of the …

How is a lumbar facetectomy performed? A lumbar facetectomy is a surgical procedure to remove facet joints partially or completely in the lumbar vertebrae of the low back. Vertebrae are the chain of bones that form the backbone, which protects the spinal cord. The vertebrae are attached together by facet joints, which provide stability and flexibility to the backbone. An …

How does one get primary lymphoma of bone? Signs of lymphoma are bone pain, especially pain that worsens with activity, weight loss, and others. Lymphoma is a cancer of infection-fighting cells (lymphocytes),  white blood cells of the immune system. These cells are normally found in the lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, and bone marrow.  The exact cause of lymphoma of bone …

What is the main cause of osteoarthritis? Risk factors for developing osteoarthritis include advancing age, obesity, trauma, family history of osteoarthritis, and more. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative disease of the joints affecting middle-aged and elderly people. It involves the breakdown of cartilage and associated inflammatory changes in the adjacent bone. It is a leading cause of chronic disability, …

What is a nebulizer? A nebulizer is used to relieve various symptoms related to the lungs. A nebulizer is a device that helps a person inhale medicine in the form of a mist through a mask or a mouthpiece. A nebulizer delivers the drug directly into the airways and the lungs, achieving targeted action and minimizing systemic side effects in …

What is peripheral neuropathy? The nerves that connect the CNS to the rest of the body are called the PNS. Any damage to these nerves, due to disease, injury, drugs, or toxins, is called peripheral neuropathy. The nervous system has two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The brain and spinal cord are …

What is the retina? Symptoms of a damaged retina are dim vision, blurring of vision, flashes of light, and more. The retina is the innermost layer in the back of the eye and is the portion of the eye that receives light. It contains nerves and light-sensitive cells called rods and cones. Rods are responsible for vision at low light …

How do you get multiple sclerosis? The prominent feature of MS is what is called an “attack” wherein symptoms occur and then resolve (remit) and may appear again (relapse) sometimes months or years apart affecting different organs. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, neurodegenerative, and autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord of the central nervous system (CNS).  …

What are mouth ulcers? The causes of mouth ulcers can be a traumatic, environmental, systemic disease, or medication. An ulcer usually forms as a break in the skin or mucous membrane with loss of surface tissue. Mouth ulcers are also called canker sores, aphthous ulcers, and are a form of mouth sores. They are small, round ulcers that may be …