What is moro reflex? Babies are born with several reflexes, one of the most important is the Moro reflex. In most cases, the Moro reflex begins to disappear about three months after birth. Babies are born with several reflexes intended to help them survive during their first few months. One of the most important is …

A speech audiometry tests your ability to hear sounds. Speech audiometry is an essential tool to assess hearing loss. It is usually performed for the assessment/examination of the following: Intensity and type of hearing loss Word recognition abilities Discomfort or tolerance to any speech stimuli Speech audiometry also determines the maximum output of sound-amplifying devices. What is speech audiometry? A …

The removal of the parathyroid gland if the gland is producing too much parathyroid hormone (PTH), which is a condition known as hyperparathyroidism.  Parathyroid glands are located in the neck just behind the thyroid gland. There are typically four parathyroid glands that regulate blood calcium levels. Hypoparathyroidism is a rare but serious condition that can result after the removal of …

What is osteoporosis? Osteoporosis is a bone disorder. Bone loss happens when the body absorbs more bone than it can create Osteoporosis is a bone disorder. It weakens your bone density, or the amount of bone tissue in your body, and puts you at a higher risk of fractures. Weak bones break easily, even from a simple fall. Osteoporosis is …

The stapes is one of the three tiny bones in the middle ear and the closest to the inner ear. A stapedectomy surgery involves the removal of complete or part of the original stapes bone and replacing it with an artificial device. This procedure restores the transmission of sound waves to the inner ear for hearing. The stapes is one …

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Posterior Nasal Posterior nasal packing is a procedure to control the bleeding from the behind (posterior aspect) of the nose. Posterior bleeding is much less common than anterior bleeding and usually is treated by the ear, nose, and throat surgeon (an otolaryngologist). Posterior nosebleeds involve bleeding from the back of the nasal cavity. Blood flow tends to be heavier than …

Supraglottic Laryngectomy is one of the treatments for supraglottic cancer. Supraglottic laryngectomy involves the removal of part of the larynx (voice box) that is present above the vocal cords. It is one of the treatments for supraglottic cancer. The surgery removes Structures above the vocal cords (the false vocal cords). The epiglottis (leaf-like covering of the larynx). The base of …

A doctor may order a stroboscopy test to look for causes of voice problems, such as loss of voice, hoarseness, hemoptysis, and diagnose cysts or polyps. The stroboscopy test uses a rapidly flashing light to examine the voice-box (larynx) and the vocal cords. It is a quick procedure that helps in the diagnosis of the underlying problems that may be …

What is upper back pain? Causes of upper back pain include long periods of sitting, injury, or strain accidents. Upper back pain causes many people discomfort and frustration. But what causes it? Your back includes a complex system of vertebrae, disks, muscles, nerves, and ligaments. If this area is injured or irritated, it may lead to pain in the upper …