What is COPD? The signs and symptoms and the severity depending on the stage of COPD. COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is a group of diseases that cause an inflammatory reaction and irreversible damage in the lungs. The result is obstruction of normal airflow and breathing difficulties. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are the most common …
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What is abdominal wall reconstruction? Abdominal wall reconstruction is a surgery involving the reconstruction of the abdominal wall in order to restore anatomy and function. For example, abdominal wall reconstruction can be used to repair a hernia of the front of the abdomen. The abdominal wall (or the belly) is made up of skin, several layers of tissue, including fat …
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What is an iliac crest? The iliac crest is a commonly used bone and soft tissue that is used as a tissue transfer for flap surgery. An iliac crest is the thick curved upper border of the most prominent bone of the pelvis, the pelvic bone. Locate it by placing the hands over the lower waist and following the curve …
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What is genioplasty surgery? The patients are advised to stay on a soft diet and to rinse frequently with saline solution until the first postoperative visit. Genioplasty is a form of cosmetic surgery to change the size, shape or positioning of the chin. Historically, various materials have been used to change the appearance of the chin, including paraffin and ivory. …
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What is Crohn’s disease? The early signs of Crohn's disease are low-grade fever, prolonged diarrhea, abdominal pain, and others Crohn’s disease is an inflammatory bowel disease featuring chronic inflammation of the inner of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Patients experience periods of symptomatic relapse and remission. The presentation of the disease is variable; some stay symptom-free most of their lives, while …
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What is endoscopic brow lift surgery? A brow lift is usually performed by a plastic surgeon. A brow lift is an aesthetic surgical procedure to correct the loss of soft tissue elasticity in the upper third of the face. Excess sagging skin around the forehead causing drooping (ptosis) of the brows and wrinkling of the forehead is removed by repositioning …
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What is a calf augmentation procedure? Calf augmentation is a relatively safe procedure with low mortality and relatively few incidences of complications. Calf augmentation is a surgical procedure to enhance the appearance of the leg. It usually involves placing an implant made of silicone over the muscles along the calf, usually performed by plastic and reconstructive surgeons. Why is calf …
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What is an inferior pedicle technique? The inferior pedicle technique is a surgical technique performed for breast reduction (reduction mammoplasty). The inferior pedicle technique is a surgical technique performed for breast reduction (reduction mammoplasty). “Pedicle method” means the surgeon leaves an attached tissue graft (pedicle) with nerves and blood vessels that supply the breast. A pedicle can be superior, lateral, …
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What is a mandibular nerve block? A mandibular nerve block numbs parts of the mouth and face in preparation for surgery. A mandibular nerve block is a procedure to numb the lower jaw (mandible) and a part of the mouth and tongue. An anesthetic solution is injected adjacent to the mandibular nerve to block the transmission of pain signals from …
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What is psoriasis? The exact cause of psoriasis is not completely understood. It appears to involve an interplay between a person’s genes, immune system and environment. Environmental factors. Psoriasis is a non-contagious disease of the skin in which the skin cells grow in numbers faster than normal, producing rashes on the body. Normally, the cells on the surface of the …
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