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What is schizophrenia? Signs and symptoms of schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a type of mental illness in which the affected person cannot distinguish between real and imaginary things or situations. There are times when people can completely lose touch with reality. Most people with schizophrenia recover well, whereas some experience relapse or worsening of the condition. …

What is astigmatism? Astigmatism is a vision problem that results due to abnormal curvature of the eye's cornea or lens. Astigmatism is a type of vision problem due to imperfection in the curvature of the eye's cornea or lens. Hence, the cornea is unable to evenly focus light on the retina (the inner light-sensitive layer of the eye). Those with astigmatism …

What are prophylactic antibiotics? Prophylactic or preemptive antibiotic treatments are administered prior to skin surgery in people who have compromised immunity or other conditions that make them prone to infection. Prophylactic antibiotics are antimicrobial medications administered to prevent possible infection that may result from exposure to microorganisms during certain medical procedures. Prophylactic antibiotics are administered as a preemptive measure, mostly …

What is sedation? Sedation calms anxiety and dulls consciousness, but does not put the patient into a fully unconscious state. Sedation is used for minor procedures and also in many emergency trauma cases. Sedation is inducing depression of consciousness with the use of sedative medications. Sedation is administered in different dosages to relax a patient or make them unconscious before …

What are prophylactic antibiotics? Head and neck surgeries that involve the mucous membrane are particularly prone to infection, so doctors administer a strong dose of antibiotics before the procedure to head off potential infection. Prophylactic antibiotics are medications administered before most surgeries to prevent infection at the surgical site. The antibiotics protect the surgical wound from contamination by microorganisms present …

The loss of vision that has already occurred is usually permanent. The loss of vision that has already occurred is usually permanent. Eyeglasses, contact lenses, medication, or surgery cannot usually cure or reverse low vision. There are certain ways and treatments to help the patient improve and cope with vision loss, perform everyday activities more easily, and keep the vision from getting worse. Treatment options also depend on the eye condition …

The individuals suffering from astigmatism must be extra cautious while considering LASIK surgery. The individuals suffering from astigmatism must be extra cautious while considering LASIK surgery. Since the surgery involves manipulation and restructuring of the cornea, LASIK and similar procedures can sometimes worsen astigmatism. However, with advances in technology and precision instruments in ophthalmology, most disadvantages can be minimized. You …

What is sedation? Sedation is medically induced temporary depression of consciousness prior to procedures that cause pain or discomfort to patients. Pain relieving medications (analgesics) are also usually administered as an adjunct to sedation. Sedation and general anesthesia are different levels in a spectrum of consciousness. A person is fully conscious at one end of the spectrum where there is …

Optic nerve sheath meningioma is a nonaggressive and slow-growing tumor in the eye. Optic nerve sheath meningioma (ONSM) is a nonaggressive and slow-growing tumor in the eye. They usually grow over the layer that covers the optic nerve in the eye. Meningiomas are the most common tumors diagnosed inside the skull. Due to their slow-growing nature, they are not fatal, …

What is topical anesthesia? Topical anesthesia may come in gels, sprays, oral rinses or skin patches. It's used for minor skin and dental procedures. Topical anesthesia is local anesthetic applied to the surface of the skin or mucous membrane (mucosa) to temporarily numb the area superficially. Topical anesthesia is applied to control pain from minor medical procedures. How does topical …