Hysteroscopy definition and facts
Hysteroscopy allows visualization of the inside of the uterus, including the openings to the Fallopian tubes, as well as a direct examination of the cervix, cervical canal, and vagina.
- Hysteroscopy is the visualization of the inside of the uterine cavity by inserting special visualization instruments through the vagina and cervical opening.
- Hysteroscopy can be carried out to aid in the diagnosis or to perform minor surgical procedures.
- In many cases, hysteroscopy can be performed as an outpatient (same-day) surgical procedure.
- Complications of hysteroscopy are rare. The most commonly reported complication is perforation of the uterus.
What is hysteroscopy?
Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure for viewing the inside of the uterus. Hysteroscopy is performed by inserting a visualizing scope through the vagina and into the cervical opening. Hysteroscopy allows visualization of the inside of the uterus, including the openings to the Fallopian tubes, as well as direct examination of the cervix, cervical canal, and vagina.
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What are the side effects, risks, and complications of hysteroscopy?
Women should expect to experience light vaginal bleeding and some cramping after the hysteroscopy procedure. Some cramping may be felt during the procedure, depending upon the type of anesthesia.
Complications of hysteroscopy are rare and include perforation of the uterus, bleeding, infection, damage to the urinary or digestive tract, and medical complications resulting from reactions to drugs or anesthetic agents. Accidental perforation of the uterus is the most common complication and occurs in 0.1% of diagnostic hysteroscopy procedures and 1% of therapeutic (surgical) hysteroscopies. Other rare complications are fluid overload or gas embolism (when gas bubbles enter the bloodstream) from the distending medium used in the procedure.
What is the outlook after hysteroscopy?
The outlook depends upon the individual case and the reason for hysteroscopy. Many minor surgical procedures can be successfully performed using hysteroscopy. Complications are rare, and most women recover with only minor post-procedure cramping and bleeding.