What Is STI Testing? Sexually Transmitted Infections

What Is STI Testing
If you are sexually active, it is important to get STI testing done to take care of your sexual health and check for sexually transmitted infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are common but often overlooked because many do not cause symptoms. If you are sexually active, it is important to get STI testing done to take care of your sexual health.

Some of the most common STI tests available test for:

Who should undergo STI testing?

You should get tested if you are at risk of getting an STI. Factors that may make you more susceptible to STI include:

  • New sexual partners
  • Multiple sexual partners
  • Changes in the body
  • Sex with someone who has an STI
  • Unprotected sex
  • Sexual contact with sex workers

High-risk groups who should undergo STI testing include:

  • Men who have sex with men
  • Young adults (ages 15-24)
  • HIV-positive individuals
  • People with a history of previous STI
  • Pregnant women
  • People who engage in Illicit drug use
  • People who have been admitted to a juvenile detention center

What are the screening recommendations for STIs?

Table: Screening recommendations by gender and population Gender Population Routine screening recommendation Screening frequency

Women
Age <25 years
Genital chlamydia
Annually

Genital gonorrhea
Annually

HIV
At least once

HIV
At least once

Pregnant
Genital chlamydia

First trimester (if <25 years or at increased risk)

Genital gonorrhea

First trimester (if <25 years or at increased risk)

Syphilis
First trimester

HIV
First trimester

HBV
First trimester

With HIV infection
Genital chlamydia, genital gonorrhea, genital trichomoniasis, and syphilis
Annually

HBV and HCV
First visit

Women who have sex with women (WSW) and women who have sex with men and women (WSWM)
WSW and WSWM should not be assumed to be at lower risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) based on their sexual orientation. Screening for cervical cancer and STIs should be conducted according to guidelines for women.

Men
Men who have sex with women (MSW) without HIV infection
HIV
At least once

Men who have sex with men (MSM) without HIV infection
Genital and rectal chlamydia, genital and rectal gonorrhea, pharyngeal gonorrhea, syphilis
At least annually

Men who have sex with men (MSM) without HIV infection
HIV and HBV
First visit

HCV
At least once

MSW with HIV infection
Genital chlamydia, genital gonorrhea, and syphilis
Annually

HBV and HCV
First visit

MSM with HIV infection
Genital and rectal chlamydia, genital and rectal gonorrhea, pharyngeal gonorrhea, syphilis
At least annually

Hepatitis A virus and HBV
First visit

HCV
At least annually

Transgender and gender-diverse individuals: Screening for STIs should be based on an individual's anatomy and sexual practices. Recommendations for genital gonorrhea, chlamydia, and cervical cancer screening in cisgender women should be extended to all transgender men and gender-diverse individuals with a cervix. Screening for other STIs should be based on risk factors and exposures.




QUESTION

Condoms are the best protection from sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).
See Answer

How do STI tests work?

Table: STI tests and samples collected for each test STI tests Sample collected

Chlamydia and gonorrhea
Swab of genital area or urine sample

Human immunodeficiency virus
Blood test or swab from inside of the mouth

Genital herpes
Blood test or swab of the affected area

Syphilis
Blood test or sample taken from a sore

Trichomoniasis
Swab of the infected area, physical exam, or sample of discharge

Human papillomavirus
Visual diagnosis or regular screening with Pap and/or hepatitis C virus tests

If the result is positive, your partner may need to be notified and tested as well.

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What Is STI Testing? Sexually Transmitted Infections

What Is STI Testing
If you are sexually active, it is important to get STI testing done to take care of your sexual health and check for sexually transmitted infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are common but often overlooked because many do not cause symptoms. If you are sexually active, it is important to get STI testing done to take care of your sexual health.

Some of the most common STI tests available test for:

Who should undergo STI testing?

You should get tested if you are at risk of getting an STI. Factors that may make you more susceptible to STI include:

  • New sexual partners
  • Multiple sexual partners
  • Changes in the body
  • Sex with someone who has an STI
  • Unprotected sex
  • Sexual contact with sex workers

High-risk groups who should undergo STI testing include:

  • Men who have sex with men
  • Young adults (ages 15-24)
  • HIV-positive individuals
  • People with a history of previous STI
  • Pregnant women
  • People who engage in Illicit drug use
  • People who have been admitted to a juvenile detention center

What are the screening recommendations for STIs?

Table: Screening recommendations by gender and population Gender Population Routine screening recommendation Screening frequency

Women
Age <25 years
Genital chlamydia
Annually

Genital gonorrhea
Annually

HIV
At least once

HIV
At least once

Pregnant
Genital chlamydia

First trimester (if <25 years or at increased risk)

Genital gonorrhea

First trimester (if <25 years or at increased risk)

Syphilis
First trimester

HIV
First trimester

HBV
First trimester

With HIV infection
Genital chlamydia, genital gonorrhea, genital trichomoniasis, and syphilis
Annually

HBV and HCV
First visit

Women who have sex with women (WSW) and women who have sex with men and women (WSWM)
WSW and WSWM should not be assumed to be at lower risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) based on their sexual orientation. Screening for cervical cancer and STIs should be conducted according to guidelines for women.

Men
Men who have sex with women (MSW) without HIV infection
HIV
At least once

Men who have sex with men (MSM) without HIV infection
Genital and rectal chlamydia, genital and rectal gonorrhea, pharyngeal gonorrhea, syphilis
At least annually

Men who have sex with men (MSM) without HIV infection
HIV and HBV
First visit

HCV
At least once

MSW with HIV infection
Genital chlamydia, genital gonorrhea, and syphilis
Annually

HBV and HCV
First visit

MSM with HIV infection
Genital and rectal chlamydia, genital and rectal gonorrhea, pharyngeal gonorrhea, syphilis
At least annually

Hepatitis A virus and HBV
First visit

HCV
At least annually

Transgender and gender-diverse individuals: Screening for STIs should be based on an individual's anatomy and sexual practices. Recommendations for genital gonorrhea, chlamydia, and cervical cancer screening in cisgender women should be extended to all transgender men and gender-diverse individuals with a cervix. Screening for other STIs should be based on risk factors and exposures.




QUESTION

Condoms are the best protection from sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).
See Answer

How do STI tests work?

Table: STI tests and samples collected for each test STI tests Sample collected

Chlamydia and gonorrhea
Swab of genital area or urine sample

Human immunodeficiency virus
Blood test or swab from inside of the mouth

Genital herpes
Blood test or swab of the affected area

Syphilis
Blood test or sample taken from a sore

Trichomoniasis
Swab of the infected area, physical exam, or sample of discharge

Human papillomavirus
Visual diagnosis or regular screening with Pap and/or hepatitis C virus tests

If the result is positive, your partner may need to be notified and tested as well.

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