Leukeran (chlorambucil) for Lymphoma & Leukemia: Drug Warnings


Generic drug: chlorambucil

Brand name: Leukeran

What is Leukeran (chlorambucil), and how does it work?

Leukeran (chlorambucil) is a prescription medicine used to treat the symptoms of Chronic Lymphatic (Lymphocytic) Leukemia and Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. Leukeran may be used alone or with other medications.

Leukeran belongs to a class of drugs called Antineoplastics, Alkylating.

It is not known if Leukeran is safe and effective in children.

What are the side effects of Leukeran?

WARNING

Leukeran (chlorambucil) can severely suppress bone marrow function. Chlorambucil is a carcinogen in humans. Chlorambucil is probably mutagenic and teratogenic in humans. Chlorambucil produces human infertility.

Leukeran may cause serious side effects including:

Get medical help right away, if you have any of the symptoms listed above.

The most common side effects of Leukeran include:

Tell the doctor if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away.

These are not all the possible side effects of Leukeran. For more information, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

What is the dosage for Leukeran?

  • The usual oral dosage is 0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg body weight daily for 3 to 6 weeks as required. This usually amounts to 4 to 10 mg per day for the average patient.
  • The entire daily dose may be given at one time. These dosages are for initiation of therapy or for short courses of treatment.
  • The dosage must be carefully adjusted according to the response of the patient and must be reduced as soon as there is an abrupt fall in the white blood cell count.
  • Patients with Hodgkin’s disease usually require 0.2 mg/kg daily, whereas patients with other lymphomas or chronic lymphocytic leukemia usually require only 0.1 mg/kg daily.
  • When lymphocytic infiltration of the bone marrow is present, or when the bone marrow is hypoplastic, the daily dose should not exceed 0.1 mg/kg (about 6 mg for the average patient).
  • Alternate schedules for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia employing intermittent, biweekly, or oncemonthly pulse doses of chlorambucil have been reported.
  • Intermittent schedules of chlorambucil begin with an initial single dose of 0.4 mg/kg.
  • Doses are generally increased by 0.1 mg/kg until control of lymphocytosis or toxicity is observed. Subsequent doses are modified to produce mild hematologic toxicity.
  •  It is felt that the response rate of chronic lymphocytic leukemia to the biweekly or once-monthly schedule of chlorambucil administration is similar or better to that previously reported with daily administration and that hematologic toxicity was less than or equal to that encountered in studies using daily chlorambucil.
  • Radiation and cytotoxic drugs render the bone marrow more vulnerable to damage, and chlorambucil should be used with particular caution within 4 weeks of a full course of radiation therapy or chemotherapy. However, small doses of palliative radiation over isolated foci remote from the bone marrow will not usually depress the neutrophil and platelet count. In these cases chlorambucil may be given in the customary dosage.
  • It is presently felt that short courses of treatment are safer than continuous maintenance therapy, although both methods have been effective.
  • It must be recognized that continuous therapy may give the appearance of “maintenance” in patients who are actually in remission and have no immediate need for further drug.
  • If maintenance dosage is used, it should not exceed 0.1 mg/kg daily and may well be as low as 0.03 mg/kg daily. A typical maintenance dose is 2 mg to 4 mg daily, or less, depending on the status of the blood counts. It may, therefore, be desirable to withdraw the drug after maximal control has been achieved, since intermittent therapy reinstituted at time of relapse may be as effective as continuous treatment.
  • Procedures for proper handling and disposal of anticancer drugs should be used. Several guidelines on this subject have been published.1-4 There is no general agreement that all of the procedures recommended in the guidelines are necessary or appropriate.

Special Populations

Hepatic Impairment
  • Patients with hepatic impairment should be closely monitored for toxicity.
  • As chlorambucil is primarily metabolized in the liver, dose reduction may be considered in patients with hepatic impairment when treated with LEUKERAN.
  • However, there are insufficient data in patients with hepatic impairment to provide a specific dosing recommendation.

What drugs interact with Leukeran?

There are no known drug/drug interactions with chlorambucil.

Is Leukeran safe to use while pregnant or breastfeeding?

  • Chlorambucil can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman.
  • Unilateral renal agenesis has been observed in 2 offspring whose mothers received chlorambucil during the first trimester.
  • It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk.
  • Because many drugs are excreted in human milk and because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from chlorambucil, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.

Check Also

강남 셔츠룸 서울부장

강남 셔츠룸 매정한 나라에요 ㅋㅋㅋ 신규오픈 매장으로 설치 물품들이 많습니다. 역시 시부야 아니랄까봐 우리 나라 정서가 두 들겨야 흥이 더 나는듯 합니다. 아직 소버일때 우리 여자 예쁘니 직원들이랑 사진찍고 놀기  5~2배 정도 들었던것같아요 일환이었던 월성 원전 1호기 조기폐쇄에 대한 감사는 수위 조절이 실패해서 포기 햇엇드랫죠;; 대량 매출 가능한 입지라 확신합니다. 게임센터 규모도 장난 아니더라구요 차량…

Leave a Reply